A tour of ReactOS 0.3.15

ReactOS is a project which aims to create an open source operating system which is binary-compatible with Windows. Although it is still cautiously labelled “alpha”, its basic use is about as reliable as Windows once was.

This post runs through the steps to install ReactOS 0.3.15 as a KVM guest on Linux.

Preparation

Before attempting anything, check that you a CPU supports Intel VT or AMD-V. This command will return the number of CPU cores with svm or vmx flags:

cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep -E 'svm|vmx' | wc -l

Now download the ReactOS 0.3.15 disk from reactos.org, extract it to get the .iso, and fetch some packages if you don’t have them installed:

apt-get install libvirt-bin kvm qemu-utils

Prepare a disk image to install to. If your hardware is slower, then a raw image is a better idea than the qcow2:

qemu-img --help
qemu-img create -f qcow2 reactos.img 4G

The working directory now has:

mike@mikebox:~/vm/reactos$ ls -Ahl
total 77M
-rw-r--r-- 1 mike mike  77M May 19  2013 ReactOS-BootCD.iso
-rw-r--r-- 1 mike mike 193K Jan 30 21:05 reactos.img

Installation and first boot

The kvm command will pop up a window with the guest operating system. To boot from the install disk, run:

kvm -hda reactos.img --cdrom ReactOS-BootCD.iso -vga std -localtime -net nic,model=ne2k_pci -net user

The meaning of each of these options is:

-hda reactos.img
Sets the HDD image file.
--cdrom ReactOS-BootCD.iso
Sets the CDROM image file. Because reactos.img is blank, this will boot.
-vga std
Sets the VGA card.
-localtime
Emulates a system clock in local time, rather than UTC.
-net nic,model=ne2k_pci
Sets the network card to something ReactOS will recognise.
-net user
Enables user-mode networking. Your computer will emulate a network and pass on TCP and UDP connections. This is the easiest mode to use, but ICMP packets (such as pings) will not work, and the VM will not be accessible from other computers.

Installation was fast, error-free, and did not require a network connection. The first screen capture below was taken at 16:04:49, and the desktop was captured at 16:06:07 (1 minute 18 seconds later). Most of that time would have been wasted waiting for user input.

ReactOS installer language select
ReactOS install or repair
ReactOS installer disclaimer
Confirm install settings
Select partition
Formatting options for new partition
Formatting confirmation dialog
ReactOS install directory
ReactOS installer copying files
Bootloader options (freeloader)

After copying files, the installer reboots to a more user-friendly mode (similar to the Windows installer):

ReactOS boot menu
ReactOS loading NTOSKRNL.EXE
ReactOS boot screen
ReactOS Install - Installing devices
ReactOS Install - Welcome to the ReactOS Setup Wizard
ReactOS Install - Acknowledgements
ReactOS Install - Personalize your Software
ReactOS Install - Computer name and Administrative Password
ReactOS Install - Regional settings
ReactOS Install - Date and Time
ReactOS Install - Registering Components
ReactOS Install - Completing the ReactOS Setup Wizard
ReactOS desktop after installation

The installed system

After installation, the --cdrom option can be dropped:

kvm -hda reactos.img -vga std -localtime -net nic,model=ne2k_pci -net user

The first thing I did was correct the colour depth, and then attempt to install VLC. This did not turn out well (the console screen is QEMU-monitor):

Reactos display properties
VLC installation in ReactOS Applications Manager
Ctrl+Alt+Del from QEMU monitor
BSOD during VLC installation

I used command prompt to verify that networking was fine (note the lack of ICMP in user-mode networking):

Ping from command prompt with user-mode networking as KVM guest
Testing network on ReactOS

The Firefox 22 install worked, but it went awry after that. Several reboots later I gave up:

Firefox installer on ReactOS
Firefox frozen on startup
BSOD while running firefox on ReactOS

The built-in programs were much more usable:

ReactOS paint
ReactOS paint Save As dialog
ReactOS Explorer
ReactOS Start Menu showing Administrative Tools
ReactOS Device Manager

PuTTY installed flawlessly, and I was able to SSH to the host computer:

PuTTY installation on ReactOS
PuTTY readme in ReactOS notepad
Main PuTTY window after installation
Using command prompt to find host computer address:
PuTTY with host computer address
PuTTY connected to host computer, showing 'uname -a' output

An example of a frozen program causing graphics glitches (Windows up to XP does this as well):


Frozen Application Manager in ReactOS

And an obligatory screenshot of the “Properties for System” dialog, showing the build as 20130518-r59037:


Reactos 'Properties of System' dialog 20130518-r59037

Conclusion

ReactOS is a cool idea and project, but the OS is still very glitchy. The built-in apps are stable and familiar-looking, but you would require a lot of patience (and a lot of rebooting) to use a ReactOS system for more than a few minutes.

Being open source is a big plus, as there is no need to activate the installation or enter software keys. GNU/Linux users will already be accustomed to this.

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